Spherometer or measuring instrument



'March 10. 1925 C O WINGREN -SlHEROMETER OR MEASURING INSTRUMENT IN VENTOR.

Patented Mar. 10, 1925.

UNITED staresy PATENToOFF-ICE.

CHARLESy O. WINGREN, OF PASADENA, CALIFORNIA.

SPHEROMETER OR IVIEASURING NSTRUMEN Application filed May 17,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, CHARLES O. WTIN- GREN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, re siding in the city of Pasadena, county of Los Angeles, andState of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Spherometers or Measuring Instruments, of which the following is aspecification.

structed along strictly scientific lines and which is simple, practicaland precise to a degree. v

ln order to explain my invention, I have illustrated one practicallembodiment thereof on the accompauyingy sheet of drawings, in which,-

Figure l thereof;

Figure 2 is a bottom plan View thereon;

Figure 8 is a cross sectional view taken on line 8 3 of Fig. l;

Figure a is an enlarged view of the lower end of the indicator staff andits supporting means;

Figure 5 is an enlarged -view of the upper end of said staff;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the upper end of the staff;

Figure 7 is an enlarged view of one of the adjustment members;

Figure 8 vis a top plan view thereof;

Figure 9 is an enlarged top plan view of the supporting member for saidadjustment member;

Figure l0 is an enlarged front elevation of the upper end of myinstrument, as here shown, looking at the left-hand side of the upperend of Fig. 1. -I

Referring now in detail to the drawings, l designates a Tshaped base, orsupport, provided with three feet, each comprising a hard steel ball,9., suitably7 set in a short legmember 3, as indicated, whereby7 saidbase or support stands firm and steady on three points of support in thesame plane. The middle portion of said base is of cylinis a verticalsectional view 1920. Serial No. 382,192.

drical form and is provided therein with a micrometer nut, 4, splitl fora part of its length in a plurality of' places,l as at 5,

and provided around its upper end with av threaded collar, 6, for takingup any looseness or wear between the micrometer nut, and a verticaltubular screw member 7,' eX'- teriorly threaded at its lower end'with`fine and accurately cut threads numbering forty threads to the inch, andturningin said micrometer nut, 4, for the purpose of raising andlowering said tubular screw inember 7, through said basel.r j

Secured 'to said tubular screw member 7, at the upper end of thethreaded portion thereof, is Va cylindrical member, 8, ofsuicientdiameter to provide yfor 250 division marks around its lower rim, 8a,its upper rim being nurled, as at 8", to makefit easy to turn it by handforthepur-pose of turning said vertical screwmember 7 in the micrometernut' v An indicator bracket 9, is mounted on the member 8, said bracketbeing provided with fortyl horizontal divisions 'to the inch,vandjstanding parallel with said tubular member face with a vertical zeroline, 9a, with which the vertical division marks 8a, around the lowerrim of said cylindrical member 8 register. yThe lowermost edge of saidcylindrical member 8, registers with vthe1horizontal division marks 9bon the face of said bracket, 9, as indicated.v "Said cylindrical member8 also lhas a zeroV line in its divisions, around its lower rim, as at8, lwhich is intended to be brought intor register with the verticalzero line on the bracket 9, for a purpose hereinafter again referred to.Said bracket 9 preferably has numbers thereon, reading up from thehorizontal zero line and also reading down therefrom, to indicate thenumber of turns of the tubular screw memberv 7. The divisions around`the cylindrical -member 8, are also through the micrometer nut, 4,-inthe base -f l `Said lbracket is also provided on its outer l, and itsadjustments are accurately indicated on the bracket 9 and onydricalmember 8. l

Said tubular screw member 7 is reduced at its ripper end' and isprovided with an extension, 7, preferably arranged to be r0- thecylintatably clamped around the up-perend of the member 7, whereby 4,it.can be turned ithereon to anyfdesire'd position relative thereto andthen secured in place by means of a clamp screw, through Vears -onr`-t-'he lower end thereof, as at 7 b, said extension l 7 being splitbetween said ears, as indicated.

i so

Vertically mounted within said tubular screw member 7, is an indicatorstaff, 10, the-lower ,end ofjwhich is firmly held yby frictien Ao rotherwise, in a holding member 11. The lolwer end lof said holdingmember111 is y,provided with ,spaced portions, 11a and 11.", rwith a set screw312 through the portion I 11b, for the.,piirposehereinafter referred to.

Said member 11 may also be provided with two spaced, laterallyprojecting lug portions 11c and 11d, l. with .a 'set screw, 13, therethrough, whichmay be used, if necessary, to spring .the lugportions 11and 11d for adjusting said indicator staif in order to get any very lineadjustment'thereof. Referi ring tothe lower .endof the tubular screw'member 7, Fig. 2, it is provided at opposite sides with two pairsof.clamping lugs, 14.

and 15, with :screws 1.6, 16,for`n clamping 'therebetween a .,flat,supporting spring 17,

- which supports -the indieatorstaif 10,' by its ,end of the llugportion 11i? is provided with arhard steel bearing .orgcontact member,v18, in lineiwith the two feet balls, v2, 2, at opposite sides thereof,and .When said'vcylindrical Ymember 8 is turned so that its Zero line 8aregisters with the vertical yline on the bracket 9, and the lower `edgeof the cylindrical member .8, registers with the horizontal Zero line onsaid bracket 9, said contact point V18, in the same plane with said feet2, 2, a-t opposite sides thereof'.

-The vcenter ofythe vcontact member 18 is six-iftieths ((5/50) .of aninch from the center lineof the flat supporting spring, 17, and saidcontact member or point, 18, is lo cated centrally of the tubular screwmember 7. The indicator staff, from the contact point `18, to the uppervend thereof, is -siX inches in length.r The upper end thereof isprovidedwvith a horizontal indicator plate 19, secu'red thereto by4means of a sleeve 20, said indicator plate 19 being. providedwith azero mark, as indicated in Fig. 6. This plate' is set at right angles tothe torsion spring 17, which supports the indicator staff vholder 11, atlits lower end, so that the movement of the staff moves said indicatorplate 19 longitudinally. y l,

referred to. n v`said Vyoke or fork', 21, and clamped, in a v1,529,1oa

e Secured to the upper end of theextension 7 21, having a verticalextension, 22, for adyjustably holding an eyeglass 23, for reading thegraduation marks, hereafter again Stretched across the ends ofinfa'hor-izontal plane, is a yoke or fork,

horizontal planehbetween its ends and the 'i upper ends of the extension7 as seen in Fig. 10, is a second flat, torsion, supporting spring, 24,as clearly indicated in'Figs. 9 and 10, `said spring 24C being parallelwith t'he -torsion spring 17 supporting the lower end V.of the. staffholder 11. {Clampedat its upper fend to `the middleof said horizontaltorsion spring 24., is lan adjustment lever, 25 (Figs. 7 and 10:), theupper-end .of said lever having an angle 25ZL formed therein,

with gradnations 259011 the upper `surface thereof, .as indicated inFigs. 8 and 9.,.said marks being positioned adjacent and insubstantially thesame plane with .the top surface of the indicator plate19. The distance from :the center of the fiat horizontal torsion spring124A to the fiat face on `top of said lever 25 and on which are the.division marks 25,h

one-.eighth of "an inch, which bringsthe top of said member with itsgraduatlonsA in the same plane `withsaid plate 19, as indicated inFig.9. 'Said division marks are placed four hundred divisions to the inch,parallel rwitlif-the Zero line on the indicator plate 19, .on theupperend of the staff.

The lower end of said adjustment lever 25 is provided with a micrometerscrew 28.y hav-.ing forty (40) threads to the inch. with a cylindricalportion ofthe head provided with fifty .(50) divisions, as at 26a. Theinner end of'said `screw 26 sets against the face of the tubularextension 7, between two side extensions, 7 a, 7 a, formed on theextensions 7', as shown in 3. A small extension, or finger, 27, projectsfrom the side of -said lever 25, adjacent the head `or cylindricalportion of the micrometer screw 26, as shown in Figs. 1 and 10,v and isprovided with forty (40) divisions to the inch, whiohreg-` ister withthe division marks on said member, 26a. Thus when ysaid micrometer screw26 is turned, it will roeksaid adjustment lever 25, and thereby move itstop surface on whichv are the indicating divisions, 25h.

As before stated, the tubular screw mem.- ber 7, has forty threadsperinch, and the cylindrical member has 250 divisions. When thecylindrical member and screw are turned one division, the contact point18 on the bottom of the indicator staff 10, is moved by the movement ofthe tubular screw member 7, .09,01 inch. The indicator staff being fiftytimes the distance from the Contact point 18 to the center of thetorsion support? ing spring 17, the Zero line on the plate 1.9 at thetop of the staff 10, will be moved .O05 inch. The upperend of the staffis positioned at a slight angle away from the divisions on the top ofthe lever 25, to enable one to see when contact is made and the zeroline on the plate 19 registers with the zero line on divisions on top ofthe lever 25. Now the micrometer screw 26, at the lower end of the lever25, has forty threads to the inch, and its circle has fifty divisions.YVhen turned one division, registering with the edge of the projectingmember 2T, it rocks the lever 25 l/QOOO of an inch, and the length ofthe lever being ten times greater than the fulcrum from the spring' 24.to the 400 divisions per inch on top of lever 25, it follows that thedivisions are moved l /20,000 of an inch, which can be seen by the aidof the eye glass Q3. The staff and contact point reduction being fiftytimes, it follows that :30 20,000 equal 1/l,000,000 of an inch oncontact point.

Thus the greatest precision can be had in the measurement-s taken withmy instrument, and while changes in details can be made from the showingherewith, I do not limit my invention to this showing, except as I maybe limited. by the hereto appended claims. I claim:

i. An instrument of the character referred to comprising in combinationa vertical member with supporting base having a plurality ofk surfaceengaging supports, a vertical indicatorstaft7 mounted at its lower endwith its upper end free to move laterally and provided at its lower end,near its place 'f support, with a portion adapted to be adjusted to restin the plane of the surface engaging supports, whereby when said portionis engaged the upper end of said staff is moved laterally, andmeans fordetermining the movement of said indicator staffl relative to saidvertical member.

2. In an instrument of the character referred to, a base, a flexiblemember supported by its ends thereon, a vertical indicator staffsupported at its lower end upon said flexible member and a contactportion at the lower end of said staff near said flexible member port,whereby7 contact with said contact portion is indicated by the movementof the upper end of said staff.

E. In an instrument of the character referred to, a base, a flat springmember secured at its opposite ends thereto, a vertical indicator staffsupported at its lower end upon said fiat spring member, and a contactportion at the lower end of said staff, near its support, wherebyContact therewith moves the upper end of said staff laterally. i A

In an instrument of the character referred to, a vertical indicatorstaff having a point of support at its lower end and a point of Contactnear said point of support, the distance between the point of supportand ends, the lower end of said staff, said contact' pointbeingpositioned relative to said fiat spring member whereby/,contacttherewith twists said flat spring between its ends, and indicating meansat theupper end of said staff to determine the lateral movement thereofwhen cont-act is made with the contact point at its lower end,substantially as described. 4

6. In an instrument of the character referred to, a base, a verticalmember thereon, avertical indicator staff' mounted adjacent-y saidvertical member and supported at its lower end to permit its upper endto oscillaterelative to said vertical member, a contact portion on saidstaff near its point of support and positioned relative thereto and tothe upper end of said staff', whereby contact with said contact pointcauses arelative movement of the upper end of said staf, andv means onthe upper end of said Vertical member, adjacent the upper end of saidstaff for indicating the movement thereof, for the purpose indicated.

7. In an instrument of the character referred to, a base, a verticalmember theron,

a flat spring member held by its oppositel ends, a vertical indicatorstaff mounted adjacent said vertical member and supported at its lowerend upon said fiat spring member, said staff' being secured theretobetween said ends, a Contact point lat a predetermined distance fromsaid point of support and from4 the upper end of said indicator staff,whereby contact with -said contact point causes a relative movementlaterally of the upper end of said indicator staff, and

graduation means at the upper end of said vert-ical member, adjacent theupper end of said staff, for indicating the movement thereof.

8. In an instrumentv of the character referred to, a base, a tubularmicrometer screw and nut vertically supported in said base, a. verticalindicatorI staff in said tubular screw, a flexible supporting membersecured at its opposite ends to the opposite sides of said tubularscrew, at the lower end thereof, said staff being secured to saidflexible memberl intermediate its secured ends, a contact portion at thelower end of said staff, laterally of said point of support, wherebycontact therewith moves the upper end of said indi- Gator stati'laterally and measuring imeans'latr the' upper vend of said staff lorindicating the mov'ements, substantially as described.

'9. Inl instrument or the Character 'referred to, al base, a tubularmicrometer screw and nut vertically supported in said base andadjustable vertically therethrough, means for turning fthe same, meansfor indicating the ladj usted positions l'of said tubular micrometerkscrew in said base,a vertical start in said tubular-screw, a flat,ihor'i/-zoi'itally positioned spring attached 'at its opposite ends tothe opposite sides `or said 'tubular screw, said stair' beingsecured atits lower end in the middle portion fof said spring, a

contact point at 'the lower end of `said staff, laterally oi 'saidsupporting spring, sald spring being arranged in a vertical plane,`

whereby movement or said Contact point twists said `spring to permitmovement of the upper end of said stati' laterally,-`and 'ad'- justab'lelmeans provided with vgiaduations adjacent the upper 'end of said'vertical -stai to indicate the movements thereof, subs-tam tially asdescribed.y y

' 10. In an instrument of the character referred to, a base @providedwith spaced 'supl porting lfeet occupyingk the same plane, fa

tubular micrometer kscrew mounted infsaidv base and adjustablevertically thereth'rough,

a vertical indicator stair in said tubular screw, a flat-torsion springysecured 'at its opposite ends at the opposite lsides 'of the lower endof said tubularscrew, said spring occupying ya lvertical plane, 'acont'actpoi'nt at the lower end of said stali,fatthe side of saidlspringsupport, said 'Contact point being in "alineme'nt with thesupporting ee'tjor said base andadjustable vertically relative to theplane oi said su'pjgorti'ng *teetwith vsaid tubular micrometer screw, alever supported at the upper end of said-tubular screw, on a v'flattorsion spring occupying a horizontal plaine, lthe, upper rend fof' saidslever having graduation marks 'adjacent the upper end ofs'aidsta'f,saidvs'tarl' being vprovided withicooperatingindicator element adjacentsaid graduation marks on said lever, and 'means-'for 4adjusting thelower endv of said leverwhereby to move 'saidfgraduation marks relativeto itheupper =end o's'aid stan',

Lees-,roe

in alineme'nft "withftwo y"of fthe "supporting factor said-base,'saidfpjoint 'or eontactbemg Y i pointvor 'conta-ct proc-luces lalrelative lateral movement or the upper "end t or said staff, anadjustable member at 't'h'e 'upper end ofsaid tubular'member, adjacentthe upper en'd'of said stati, 'and provided with graduations to 'be readin 'connection wit-h the movements of the upper-end Iorsai'd staff,means 'for adjusting said adjustable member a'nd itsgradnations relativeto said stali,-and' an 'eye glass for reading VVthe indications.

12. A spherometer coinprsinga base 'havin'g spaced supporting feet invthe rsame plane, a tnbular m'i-'crfoin'e'ter:screw/#therein andadjustable vertically therethrough, a

graduated member for turning SaidfSCfreW,

means *on said base cooperating with-said graduated member forvindicating 'the various positions 'of adjustment ofsaid microm-k eterscrew, lan indicator stadi1 in'said'tubular screw and supported on a-lattorsion'spring stretched lacross the lower end ofsai'd tubular screwin a vertical plane, a contact 'point horizontal. plane, at the upperend "o't said tubular 4'-screw, said mein-ber being l'provided withfgra'duati'ons adjacent the indicatorl plate fon said.stai',1and=amicrometer screw for adj usting the adj ustable member I`vt'omolve its:graduations relative 'to said start indica`` tor plate, whereby 'thefinest possible adjustments 'can 'be-made, substantially as described.

'l3. Means -ror supporting a vertical indicator staff comprising incombination therewith, flexible member supported at its opposite ends,the low-er end of said 'staii "being secured =to said leXible memberbetween vits end supports, whereby when said stad is moved laterally atits 'upper end-"said flexible member yields t'orsionallly 'betweenits'supports, andvmeans at the lower end of said staff vadjacent sai-dilexiblefme'mber Efor fcon tact whereby to cause lateral movement lofthe "app-er vend of *said lindicator staff.

14. `In 1combina'tion with a vertical indicator start, fa fiaty flexiblemember supported at zAits yopposite ends :and to 'which the lower endoffsaid indicator 'stad isattached andiby which said kstatt is supportedwith lits upper end free and movable laterally by the flex` ingtorsionally 'of said 'flexible member, indicating `Ineans cooperatingwith the movable end off fthe stan, 'contact 'part at the lower `end ofsaid staff adjacent said flexible member adapted when engaged and movedin the slightest degree to move the upper end of said staff by theslight flexing of said flexible supporting member, and a support havinga plurality of surface engaging parts spaced from the Contact part ofsaid staff.

l5. In combination, a support having a plurality of surface engagingparts, a member adjustably mounted in said support, a flexible membersecured at both ends across said adjustable member, a stall secured atits lower end to said flexible member bemovable laterally, and a contactpart at the lower end of said stafl;` adjacent said flexible member andadapted When engaged to move 15 the upper end of said staff laterally,and scale means associated With the upper end of ysaid staff to indicatethe relative movement thereof.

Signedat Pasadena, Los Angeles county, 20

In presence of:

W. R. LITZENBERG,

B. C. STRANG.

